He has everything he needs to stake his claim right in front of him.
He absolutely can make that claim if everything falls into place.
Just look at Burrow to see what can happen in one season.
Burrow's rating of 133.21 in 2018 was worse than any rating any Ohio State passing leader has had since 2009, Terrelle Pryor's sophomore season.
Burrow's rating of 201.96 in 2019 is an NCAA all-time record
I have no intention of doing the math, but I'd bet that's the highest one-year jump in passer rating ever.
Before anyone accuses you of thinking that Justin will make a jump that big; I don't believe you're saying that. I don't think it's unreasonable to assume that Justin will improve. At this point a second-year-slump, which is common enough among quarterbacks to be a cliche, seems unlikely considering how hard Justin is working and the fact that he has a world-class qb-developer as his coach.
About 10 years ago someone on this board (one of the BKBs I think) asked me to analyze quarterback play and figure out when a quarterback made their biggest jump (year 1 to year 2 or year 3 to year 4 etc). One of the things I discovered from that analysis that I actually remember is that the QB that had the biggest drop by far for the decade or so that I analyzed was the TCU quarterback that neither I nor anyone else remembers that had LaDainian Tomlinson one year and no LT the next. In fact, a strong running game seemed to be a quarterback's biggest friend across the board, but the huge drop for LT's qb after LT left was the strongest anecdotal evidence of that.
The question this begs is, "Will Justin Fields suffer the same fate after losing JK Dobbins". The answer to that question depends on whether JK Dobbins gained 2000 yards because he's the second coming of LT, or JK Dobbins gained 2000 yards because he was a very good back who had a great offensive line (that is still here) and a passing game (that is still here) that opponents had no choice but to respect. I don't trust my own judgement in these matters all that much, but I do trust the people who do this for a living. To me, what the NFL said by picking JK Dobbins in the 3rd round speaks volumes. They may come to regret letting him fall that far, but what these people who analyze football for a living were saying is that they think a 3rd-rounder can do what JK did. They're saying that they think Ryan Day's offense doesn't need LT to have a strong running game.
Based on what Ohio State lost, and the athletic potential of what's coming in, combined with natural progression for a team transitioning from a 1st year HC and QB to the 2nd year; it is not at all unreasonable to expect the Ohio State offense to have record-setting potential this year. I don't know if Joe Burrow's 201.96 is in jeopardy, but it would not surprise me if it falls from the top spot. Field's posted a 181.42 while holding on to the ball too long and throwing the ball away a lot.
We don't yet know what a second year qb looks like under Ryan Day's tutelage, though JT did go from 135.3 the year before Ryan to 160.1 the one year he had Day as his position coach. Similar progression from Fields seems unlikely but not impossible, and it would shatter Burrow's record.